|
The Harmandir Sahib (Punjabi: ਹਰਿਮੰਦਰ ਸਾਹਿਬ), also Darbar Sahib (Punjabi: ਦਰਬਾਰ ਸਾਹਿਬ, (:dəɾbɑɾ sɑhɪb)) 〔Golden Temple, Punjabi University, Parm Barkshish Singh, Devinder Kumar Verma, ''ISBN 978-81-7380-569-1''〕 and informally referred to as the "Golden Temple",〔 is the holiest Sikh gurdwara located in the city of Amritsar, Punjab, India. The city was founded in 1574 by the fourth Sikh guru, Guru Ram Das.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History, Harmandir Sahib, the Golden Temple, Amritsar )〕 The Harmandir Sahib was designed by the fifth guru, Guru Arjan, who had the cornerstone laid by the Muslim Sufi saint Sai Hazrat Mian Mir on 28 December 1588. Guru Arjan completed the Adi Granth, the holy scripture of Sikhism, in 1604 and installed it in the gurdwara.〔 There are four doors to get into the Harmandir Sahib, which symbolise the openness of the Sikhs towards all people and religions. The present-day gurdwara was rebuilt in 1764 by Jassa Singh Ahluwalia with the help of other Sikh Misls. In the early nineteenth century, Maharaja Ranjit Singh secured the Punjab region from outside attack and covered the upper floors of the gurdwara with gold, which gives it its distinctive appearance and its English name. The Harimandir Sahib is considered holy by Sikhs. The holiest text of Sikhism, the ''Guru Granth Sahib'',〔 is present inside the gurdwara during daytime and the holy book goes for Sukhasan during the night time. Its construction was mainly intended to build a place of worship for men and women from all walks of life and all religions to come and worship God equally.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sikhism Religion of the Sikh People )〕〔 Over 100,000 people visit the holy shrine daily for worship, and also partake in the free community kitchen and meal (''Langar'') that is a hallmark of all Sikh Gurudwaras. ==History== The Harmandir Sahib literally means the Temple of God. Guru Amar Das had ordered Guru Ram Das to create a nectarous tank as a place for worship for the Sikh religion. Guru Ram Das instructed all his Sikhs to join in the work, under Bhai Budha's superintendence, and engaged labourers to assist them. He said that the tank of nectar should be God's home, and whoever bathed in it shall obtain all spiritual and temporal advantages. During the progress of the work, the hut in which the Guru first sheltered himself was expanded for his residence; it is now known as the Guru's Mahal, or palace. 〔Max Arthur Macauliffe. 1909. The Sikh Religion.. Vol. II〕 In 1578 CE Guru Ram Das excavated a tank, which subsequently became known as ''Amritsar'' (Pool of the Nectar of Immortality),〔Golden Temple, Punjabi University, Parm Barkshish Singh, Devinder Kumar Verma ISBN 978-81-7380-569-1〕 giving its name to the city that grew around it. In due course, the Harmandir Sahib,〔Golden Temple, Punjabi University, Parm Barkshish Singh, Devinder Kumar Verma, ''ISBN 978-81-7380-569-1''.〕 was built in the middle of this tank and became the supreme centre of Sikhism. Its sanctum came to house the Adi Granth comprising compositions of Sikh Gurus and other saints considered to have Sikh values and philosophies, e.g., Baba Farid, and Kabir. The compilation of the Adi Granth was started by the fifth guru of Sikhism, Guru Arjan. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Harmandir Sahib」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|